Unakoti Rock Carvings: UNESCO Heritage Treasure Guide 2025

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Unakoti Rock Carvings: Tripura’s Ancient Wonder.

Last updated: 01/06/2025

Resting in the serene hillsides of Tripura, Unakoti Rock Carvings are a lovely combination of mythology, spirituality and ancient huge rock artistry. This offbeat and visually stunning destination in Northeastern India, based in Kailashahar Sub-Division, Unakoti district of Tripura. A destination popular for its rich cultural and archaeological significance.

This heritage site exhibits picturesque vistas, also a deeply rooted cultural and spiritual experience. Whether you’re a curious traveler, history buff, photographer or spiritual traveller, a visit to Unakoti Tripura will leave you completely absorbed.

Shiva head sculpture at Unakoti rock carvings

What is Unakoti?

In Bengali language, the word Unakoti (উনাকোটি) means ‘one less than a crore,’ which signifies the raw meaning of 99,99,999 gods and goddesses. Among the local tribal communities, this sacrad place traditionally known as Subrai Khung – which roughly means ‘Shiva’s hill,’ mirroring the sacred connection people feel with this site.

Its about 146 km from Agartala, this notable historical and spiritual place shelters massive rock-cut sculptures and rock engravings. These old rock art masterpieces are believed to have originated in the 7th to 9th centuries CE. Some professionals recommend that they might be even older, possibly dating back to ancient civilizations long before.

The centerpiece of Unakoti is Lord Shiva (Known as Unakotiswara উনকোটি ঈশ্বর, Kal Bhairava কাল ভৈরব). Also, the site features other engraved carvings of many Hindu deities. Other leading sculptures at Unakoti are Goddess Durga, Ganesha, Lord Vishnu and Nandi the Bull (vahana of Lord Shiva). These remarkable carvings are engraved/sculpted into the rocky slopes of Unakoti Hills, Kailashahar showcasing the region’s rich spiritual and artistic heritage.

According to local myths, some of the stone figures at Unakoti are believed to grow in size or even give birth to new stone formations, symbolizing the divine power of the site.

How old is Unakoti, Tripura?

These huge rock sculptures and carvings are a mix of Shaivite (Lord Shiva) snatched attention and local artistic styles, which makes them even more unique. While no one is certain who created them, their age and beauty make Unakoti a unsolved beauty and piece of history thought to be over 1,000 years old.

Besides the main sculpture, there are several smaller stone-cut figures of gods and goddesses are spread across the hills, establishing this place as a treasure trove of experiences for devotees, tourists, history enthusiasts and art lovers alike.

Types of Rock Carvings found in Unakoti:

The rock carvings at Unakoti Tripura having 2 categories which classify as follows –

1. Carvings in Huge Rock:

These are massive shallow carving directly into the vertical rock surfaces and lying stones. They include the monumental depictions of deities like the central Shiva head (Unakotiswara Kal Bhairava) and other large scale panels.

2. Loose Stone Sculptures:

These are independent sculpture or broken-down stone figures of smaller sizes that are found around the hill. The overall iconographic richness is enhanced by these. This stratification illustrates the main modes of ancient artists’ work – direct face rock engraving and the production of autonomous statues.

This is remarkable to see how deeply detailed the Unakoti rock carvings are, including hairstyles, earrings and facial expressions, which are truly remarkable in ancient temples in India. They show the special artistic talent of our ancient artisans.

The Myth Behind Unakoti:

Old tales claim that, Lord Shiva was on his way to Kashi with a 10 millions of deities. He halted for the night at the site now known as Unakoti. In anger, he cursed the rest to turn into stone. Lord Shiva’s anger was triggered when none of the gods and goddesses kept their word to be ready by dawn, after they had been instructed to rest at the site. Also, Shiva instructed all the god and goddesses to wake up before sunrise and continue the journey.

When morning’s first light arrived, only Shiva was awake. Furious at their broken promise and casual disregard, Shiva’s rage erupted, turning them into stone – an eternal reminder of the cost of betrayal. These are said to be the countless carvings we see today.

Unakoti vs. Angkor Wat : A Spiritual Comparison:

Some people even compare “Angkor Wat” (presently converted into a Buddhist temple) with Unakoti, because both are ancient sites that demonstrate the Unakoti Rock Sculptures described in Hindu mythology. The Cambodian temple “Angkor Wat” is one of the world’s largest. Conversely, Unakoti or Subrai Khung in Tripura is home to a huge stone-sculpted mythological site dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Unakoti vs Angkor Wat:

☑️ While Angkor Wat stuns with scale, Unakoti enchants with intimacy:

Aspect	*Unakoti*	*Angkor Wat*
Era	7th–9th century CE.	12th century CE.
Vibe	Raw, meditative.	Grand, ceremonial.
Crowds	Serene, 100–200 daily visitors.	10,000+ daily
Nature’s Role	Carvings merge with forests, waterfalls.	Manicured temple gardens.

Unakoti vs Angkor Wat East vs East Spiritual Showdown visual selection

Both places are perfectly rock-cut images in natural surroundings and carry deep spiritual, cultural and traditional significance. They create architectural and historical tourism wonders that highlight their own regions and cultural highlights.

Top Attractions at Unakoti:

1. Unakotiswara Kal Bhairava:

This 30-foot-high carving of Lord Shiva’s head is the largest and most iconic sculpture at the site. Surrounded by elaborate carvings of Goddess Durga and other deities, it is both awe-inspiring and profoundly inspiring.

2. Ganga Avataran:

This bas-relief captures the descent of the holy Ganga onto Lord Shiva’s matted hair – a moment of mythological significance carved in stone. There is a small waterfall on the left-hand side of the iconic sculpture of Shiva, flowing into Sita Kunda, which brings the myth to life.

3. Deity Sculptures and Reliefs:

Unakoti, Tripura is rich with featuring rock arts of Hindu deities including Lord Vishnu, Lord Hanuman and Goddess Durga. Even centuries later, the detail in these carvings is still visible and vivid.

4. Unakoti Eco Park and Nature Trails:

Surrounded by lush forest, waterfalls, and rolling hills, Unakoti is a paradise for nature lovers and trekkers. The Unakoti Eco Park adds to the area’s charm, offering clean walking trails and spots for peaceful reflection.

Unakoti Eco Park is also a point of attraction of Tripura Tourism for tourists, which is very close to the entrance of this place. The park is in perfect harmony with the archaeological site, giving visitors a calm & green place with picturesque views.

Unakoti’s Major Festivals:

1. Ashokashtami Mela:

Each March or April, Unakoti transforms into a colorful spectacle as faithful pilgrims arrive from throughout India. They gather to take a sacred dip in Sita Kunda and worship the colossal rock sculptures. Festivities blend devotional rites, regional delicacies, folk handicrafts and live performances – all set against the backdrop of ancient stone art.

2. Makar Sankranti Mela:

Makar Sankranti, starting every January, the hills around Unakoti fill with stalls selling jalebis, pithas and winter crafts as families celebrate the sun’s entry into Capricorn. While the mela takes place at the base of the hill, the real highlight is the holy bath at Sita Kunda. Perched above, it is where tradition, devotion and Unakoti’s timeless stone carvings come together. This sacred experience draws both pilgrims and tourists during the winter season.

Here is an image of some tribal people gratefully taking a holy bath in Sita Kunda.

Mountain view of Shiva head and other sculpture at Unakoti rock carvings

A Thrilling Destination For Tourist bloggers & Adventurers:

This Thrilling Destination located about 147 km from Agartala, Unakoti is a remarkable UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its ancient rock-cut sculptures. The site’s centerpiece is a stunning 30-foot-high face of Lord Shiva, locally known as Unakotiswara Kal Bhairava – one of the largest rock-cut figures in India.

Dating back to the 7th–9th centuries, these carvings of Shiva, Ganesha, and other deities are etched into massive rock surfaces surrounded by natural beauty. It’s a perfect blend of history, mythology and artistry.

Each stone carving has a legend behind it, making Unakoti Tripura tourism not just a visual delight, but also a spiritual journey. Pilgrims, travel bloggers and adventure seekers visit from across the world to experience its magic.

Best Time to Visit Unakoti Heritage Site:

Plan your trip between October and March for ideal weather (15°C–28°C), perfect for exploring the carvings and trekking the hills. Avoid the monsoon season (June–September) when slippery trails and heavy rains make visits challenging.

9 Expert Tips to Maximize Your Unakoti Experience:

1. Arrive Early for a Magical Morning:

Beat the crowds and enjoy serene views of the carvings in soft morning light.
Ideal for stunning photography as sunlight highlights intricate details of the sculptures.

2. Dress Smart for Comfort & Safety:

Wear sturdy hiking shoes with good grip for climbing over 350 stairs and navigating rugged terrain.
Dress in layers: mornings and evenings can be chilly in winter. Pack a light jacket, hat, and sunscreen.

3. Pack Snacks and Stay Hydrated:

Food options on-site are limited. Bring water bottles, energy bars, or light snacks for longer visits.

4. Help Preserve This UNESCO World Heritage Site:

Do not touch or climb on the carvings—these ancient rock-cut images are fragile. Maintain a safe distance.
Carry a small trash bag and dispose of your waste responsibly, as dustbins may be limited.

5. Prepare for Limited Connectivity:

Mobile networks are weak in the hills. Download offline maps, guides, or tickets in advance.

6. Capture the Best Shots:

Visit during golden hours—sunrise or sunset—for perfect lighting on the 30-foot Unakotiswara Kal Bhairav.
Don’t miss the opportunity to explore the nearby Unakoti Eco Park for scenic backdrops.

7. Hire a Local Guide:

Enrich your experience with local legends, history, and cultural insights.
Guides typically charge ₹300–₹500 for a 2-hour tour and are well worth it.

8. Respect Sacred Traditions:

Keep noise levels low – Unakoti is a revered spiritual site. Be mindful of local customs and behavior.

9. Prioritize Safety on Trails:

Stick to designated paths to avoid accidents and help protect the surrounding ecosystem.

How to Reach Unakoti?

By Air:

Nearest Airport: Maharaja Bir Bikram Airport (IXA), Agartala

You can fly directly to Agartala from major Indian cities including Kolkata, Guwahati, Delhi and Bangalore. The airport is well-connected and offers multiple daily flights, making it the fastest way to reach Tripura.

From Agartala to Unakoti by Road:

After landing in Agartala, you can reach Unakoti by road.

Private Taxi: Hire a private taxi for a comfortable journey of 4 to 5 hours. The fare ranges between ₹2,500 and ₹3,500.
Shared Cabs: Budget travelers can opt for shared cabs heading to Kailashahar, which is the nearest town to Unakoti.

By Train:

Nearest Railway Stations:

Dharmanagar Railway Station (approx. 25 km from Kailashahar)
Kumarghat Railway Station (approx. 21 km from Kailashahar)

Both stations are well-connected to major cities in Northeast India. From these stations, local taxis or auto-rickshaws (₹300–₹500) can be hired to reach Unakoti.

Popular train options include:

Trains from Guwahati:

Tripura Sundari Express.
Dharmanagar–Agartala Passenger.

Get down at Dharmanagar, then take a taxi to Kailashahar or directly to Unakoti.

Trains from Agartala:

Take a train from Agartala to Kumarghat, then proceed via taxi or auto-rickshaw to Unakoti. This is one of the most convenient and cost-effective routes for visitors already in Tripura.

By Road:

From Agartala:

Unakoti is accessible via National Highway NH8, with a travel time of about 4 to 5 hours. The road is in good condition and suitable for self-drive enthusiasts.

From Guwahati:

A 12-hour drive via Dharmanagar connects Guwahati to Unakoti. While longer, the route offers scenic landscapes and the flexibility of stops along the way.

Where to Stay Near Unakoti, Kailashahar?

Pick between affordable guesthouses in the nearest district town of Unakoti (Kailashahar), or eco‑lodges in Unakoti that place you in the immersvive calm of the forest.

Unakoti Tourist Lodge: An inexpensive government run lodge which is situated near the Unakoti rock cravings providing basic accommodations to tourists. It is perfect for people who want to be close to the historic site and stay someplace peaceful.
Hotel Nirmala: Nice simple budget hotel in Kailashahar with basic facilities and close to town attractions. It’s a decent option for travelers seeking a no-frills, inexpensive place to lay their heads.
The Golden Guest House: A homey, guest-friendly guesthouse with nice places to stay in the beautiful city. It is ideal for those who are looking for family/group accommodation in Kailashahar at a budget-friendly price, as recommended in the Tripura travel guide.

Additional Tips for Kailashahar Stays

Book in Advance: Peak travel months (October–March) can see higher demand.
Limited Dining Options: Some properties might offer in-house dining or have nearby local eateries.
Local Transport: Taxis and auto-rickshaws are readily available for easy access to Unakoti.

Why Visit Unakoti rock carvings?

Unakoti is an archaeological wonder – it’s a living testament to India’s artistic, spiritual and cultural heritage. Whether you’re drawn to its ancient carvings, vibrant festivals, or serene natural surroundings, Unakoti offers a journey through time and tradition. Add it to your travel plans and experience the magic of this hidden gem for yourself.

Whether you’re planning a soulful solo journey or a culturally rich family trip, Unakoti Tripura is a destination that deserves a place on your travel bucket list.

📈 FInd in Google map.

Stay tuned for more detailed guides that will assist in the easy planning of your trip and help you maximize your time in this amazing area and its environment!

Wishing you happy travels!

at the entrance of Unakoti rock carvings

FAQs for Unakoti Rock Carvings:

1. What is the mystery behind Unakoti heritage site?

The mystery of Unakoti is grounded in its ancient huge rock sculptures, which is thought to be over 1,000 years old. Archaeologists and historians are still stumped over their precise origins, makers and function, enhancing the site’s mystical charm.

2. What is the legend of Unakoti rock carvings?

As per the folklore, Lord Shiva and his followers (99,99,999 to be precise) were cursed to be turned to stone as they did not wake up before sunrise while on way to Kashi. This myth provides an explanation for the Unakoti stone carvings, which represent Shiva’s watchful eye over his petrified devotees for all time.

3. How many stairs lead to the Unakoti site?

Visitors ascend about 350 stairs to get to the main site. The climb earns explorers stunning views of the carvings and the verdant surroundings.

4. Which river flows near Unakoti?

The Deo River flows its way around the Unakoti hills, adding to the site’s tranquil ambiance and providing a stunning backdrop to the huge rock carvings.

5. What is Kailashahar’s connection to Unakoti?

Kailashahar, the nearest town to Unakoti, served as a medieval cultural and religious hub. Today, it’s the gateway to the Unakoti rock carvings, offering insights into Tripura’s spiritual heritage.

6. What does “Unakoti” mean?

The term translates to “one less than a crore” (99,99,999) in Bengali, referencing the mythical count of stone deities scattered across the hills.

7. What are Unakoti’s alternative names?

Locally called “Subrai Khung” (a Kokborok term for sacred carvings) or “Unakoti Tirtha”, it’s a UNESCO-tagged heritage site renowned for its spiritual and artistic significance.

8. How many deities are depicted in Unakoti?

According to mythology, there are 99,99,999 stone sculptures and carvings, with Lord Shiva completing the crore.

9. Which administrative blocks include Unakoti?

Unakoti district comprises four blocks: Kumarghat, Kailashahar, Gournagar and Chandipur. The rock carvings are closest to Kumarghat and Kailashahar.

10. How extensive are the Unakoti pilgrimage site?

The site boasts a diverse array of carvings, from colossal Shiva faces to intricate goddess statues, showcasing Northeast India’s richest Shaivite artistry.

11. How old are the Unakoti sculptures?

According to scholars, the carvings date back to the 7th–9th centuries CE, making them assumed over 1000 – 1,200 years old. Their weathering adds to their ancient mystique.

12. What is the “curse of Unakoti”?

Unakoti’s curse comes from a story about Lord Shiva. His followers were told to wake up before sunrise and start their journey to Kashi. When they failed to do so Lord Shiva turned them into stone.

13. What themes do the Unakoti carvings depict?

The carvings feature gods such as Shiva, Ganesha, Durga and Nandi and interweave their mythological stories with an unmatched craftsmanship.

14. Which is the largest carving at Unakoti?

The 30 feet high Unakotiswara Kal Bhairav, depicting a fierce form of Shiva, is the site’s centerpiece and a marvel of ancient sculpture (rock cut images).

15. Is Unakoti worth visiting?

Absolutely! Unakoti, an ancient rock-carved hill, is known for its spiritual significance and stunning natural beauty.

16. Why is Unakoti called “one less than a crore”?

The name reflects the folklore of 99,99,999 stone deities, with Shiva’s presence rounding it to a symbolic “crore” (10 million).

17. What’s the taxi fare from Agartala to Unakoti?

As there are no cab services like Uber, Ola, Rapido or Bolt in Kailashahar, reserving a taxi from Agartala to Unakoti Rock Carvings site typically costs you between ₹3,000 to ₹4,000, depending on the vehicle, time of travel and the season.

18. How to reach Unakoti by train?

Kumarghat and Dharmanagar are the closest railheads. Then, take a taxi or bus to the rock carvings.

19. Who created the Unakoti?

While their creators remain unknown, myths attribute them to Kallu Kumhar, a celestial sculptor. Historians suggest ancient tribes or Shaivite artisans.

20. What makes Unakoti Rock Carvings unique?

Their scale, age and spiritual symbolism set them apart. Few sites in India blend mythology, art and nature as seamlessly as the Unakoti stone carvings.

📢 Have you visited Unakoti? Share your thoughts in the comments below!